diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index fc7774ac1ab..4716e651b54 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,25 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## Unreleased
+
+* Allow using the `node:` import prefix with `es*` targets ([#3821](https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/issues/3821))
+
+    The [`node:` prefix on imports](https://nodejs.org/api/esm.html#node-imports) is an alternate way to import built-in node modules. For example, `import fs from "fs"` can also be written `import fs from "node:fs"`. This only works with certain newer versions of node, so esbuild removes it when you target older versions of node such as with `--target=node14` so that your code still works. With the way esbuild's platform-specific feature compatibility table works, this was added by saying that only newer versions of node support this feature. However, that means that a target such as `--target=node18,es2022` removes the `node:` prefix because none of the `es*` targets are known to support this feature. This release adds the support for the `node:` flag to esbuild's internal compatibility table for `es*` to allow you to use compound targets like this:
+
+    ```js
+    // Original code
+    import fs from 'node:fs'
+    fs.open
+
+    // Old output (with --bundle --format=esm --platform=node --target=node18,es2022)
+    import fs from "node";
+    fs.open;
+
+    // New output (with --bundle --format=esm --platform=node --target=node18,es2022)
+    import fs from "node:fs";
+    fs.open;
+    ```
+
 ## 0.23.0
 
 **_This release deliberately contains backwards-incompatible changes._** To avoid automatically picking up releases like this, you should either be pinning the exact version of `esbuild` in your `package.json` file (recommended) or be using a version range syntax that only accepts patch upgrades such as `^0.22.0` or `~0.22.0`. See npm's documentation about [semver](https://docs.npmjs.com/cli/v6/using-npm/semver/) for more information.
diff --git a/compat-table/src/index.ts b/compat-table/src/index.ts
index aab10e7a83a..9d57e235adb 100644
--- a/compat-table/src/index.ts
+++ b/compat-table/src/index.ts
@@ -466,6 +466,8 @@ import('./kangax').then(kangax => {
     '15': { force: false },
     '16': { force: true },
   }
+  js.NodeColonPrefixImport.ES = { 0: { force: true } }
+  js.NodeColonPrefixRequire.ES = { 0: { force: true } }
 
   // Arbitrary Module Namespace Names
   {
diff --git a/internal/compat/js_table.go b/internal/compat/js_table.go
index a725bad238c..f3461ab1d9f 100644
--- a/internal/compat/js_table.go
+++ b/internal/compat/js_table.go
@@ -651,9 +651,11 @@ var jsTable = map[JSFeature]map[Engine][]versionRange{
 		Safari:  {{start: v{10, 0, 0}}},
 	},
 	NodeColonPrefixImport: {
+		ES:   {{start: v{0, 0, 0}}},
 		Node: {{start: v{12, 20, 0}, end: v{13, 0, 0}}, {start: v{14, 13, 1}}},
 	},
 	NodeColonPrefixRequire: {
+		ES:   {{start: v{0, 0, 0}}},
 		Node: {{start: v{14, 18, 0}, end: v{15, 0, 0}}, {start: v{16, 0, 0}}},
 	},
 	NullishCoalescing: {
diff --git a/scripts/js-api-tests.js b/scripts/js-api-tests.js
index 77d7a3ebf5b..d32d7c85ca7 100644
--- a/scripts/js-api-tests.js
+++ b/scripts/js-api-tests.js
@@ -3065,7 +3065,7 @@ import "after/alias";
         stdin: { contents: `import fs from 'node:fs'; import('node:fs'); fs()` },
         bundle: true,
         platform: 'node',
-        target,
+        target: target.split(','),
         format: 'esm',
         write: false,
       })
@@ -3079,6 +3079,7 @@ import "after/alias";
     assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node12.99'), `// <stdin>\nimport fs from "node:fs";\nimport("node:fs");\nfs();\n`)
     assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node12.20'), `// <stdin>\nimport fs from "node:fs";\nimport("node:fs");\nfs();\n`)
     assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node12.19'), `// <stdin>\nimport fs from "fs";\nPromise.resolve().then(() => __toESM(__require("fs")));\nfs();\n`)
+    assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node18,es6'), `// <stdin>\nimport fs from "node:fs";\nimport("node:fs");\nfs();\n`)
   },
 
   async nodeColonPrefixRequire({ esbuild }) {
@@ -3087,7 +3088,7 @@ import "after/alias";
         stdin: { contents: `require('node:fs'); require.resolve('node:fs')` },
         bundle: true,
         platform: 'node',
-        target,
+        target: target.split(','),
         format: 'cjs',
         write: false,
       })
@@ -3101,6 +3102,7 @@ import "after/alias";
     assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node14.99'), `// <stdin>\nrequire("node:fs");\nrequire.resolve("node:fs");\n`)
     assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node14.18'), `// <stdin>\nrequire("node:fs");\nrequire.resolve("node:fs");\n`)
     assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node14.17'), `// <stdin>\nrequire("fs");\nrequire.resolve("fs");\n`)
+    assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node18,es6'), `// <stdin>\nrequire("node:fs");\nrequire.resolve("node:fs");\n`)
   },
 
   async nodeColonPrefixImportTurnedIntoRequire({ esbuild }) {
@@ -3109,7 +3111,7 @@ import "after/alias";
         stdin: { contents: `import fs from 'node:fs'; import('node:fs'); fs()` },
         bundle: true,
         platform: 'node',
-        target,
+        target: target.split(','),
         format: 'cjs',
         write: false,
       })
@@ -3123,6 +3125,7 @@ import "after/alias";
     assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node14.99'), `// <stdin>\nvar import_node_fs = __toESM(require("node:fs"));\nimport("node:fs");\n(0, import_node_fs.default)();\n`)
     assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node14.18'), `// <stdin>\nvar import_node_fs = __toESM(require("node:fs"));\nimport("node:fs");\n(0, import_node_fs.default)();\n`)
     assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node14.17'), `// <stdin>\nvar import_node_fs = __toESM(require("fs"));\nimport("fs");\n(0, import_node_fs.default)();\n`)
+    assert.strictEqual(await tryTargetESM('node18,es6'), `// <stdin>\nvar import_node_fs = __toESM(require("node:fs"));\nimport("node:fs");\n(0, import_node_fs.default)();\n`)
   },
 
   async zipFile({ esbuild, testDir }) {