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refactor: Primer -> Oligo, PrimerLike -> OligoLike (#51)
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -0,0 +1,207 @@ | ||
| """ | ||
| # Oligo Class and Methods | ||
| This module contains a class and class methods to represent an oligo (e.g., designed by Primer3). | ||
| Oligos can represent single primer and/or internal probe designs. | ||
| Class attributes include the base sequence, melting temperature, and the score of the oligo. The | ||
| mapping of the oligo to the genome is also stored. | ||
| Optional attributes include naming information and a tail sequence to attach to the 5' end of the | ||
| oligo (if applicable). Optional attributes also include the thermodynamic results from Primer3. | ||
| ## Examples of interacting with the `Oligo` class | ||
| ```python | ||
| >>> from prymer.api.span import Span, Strand | ||
| >>> oligo_span = Span(refname="chr1", start=1, end=20) | ||
| >>> oligo = Oligo(tm=70.0, penalty=-123.0, span=oligo_span, bases="AGCT" * 5) | ||
| >>> oligo.longest_hp_length() | ||
| 1 | ||
| >>> oligo.length | ||
| 20 | ||
| >>> oligo.name is None | ||
| True | ||
| >>> oligo = Oligo(tm=70.0, penalty=-123.0, span=oligo_span, bases="GACGG"*4) | ||
| >>> oligo.longest_hp_length() | ||
| 3 | ||
| >>> oligo.untailed_length() | ||
| 20 | ||
| >>> oligo.tailed_length() | ||
| 20 | ||
| >>> primer = oligo.with_tail(tail="GATTACA") | ||
| >>> primer.untailed_length() | ||
| 20 | ||
| >>> primer.tailed_length() | ||
| 27 | ||
| >>> primer = primer.with_name(name="fwd_primer") | ||
| >>> primer.name | ||
| 'fwd_primer' | ||
| ``` | ||
| Oligos may also be written to a file and subsequently read back in, as the `Oligo` class is an | ||
| `fgpyo` `Metric` class: | ||
| ```python | ||
| >>> from pathlib import Path | ||
| >>> left_span = Span(refname="chr1", start=1, end=20) | ||
| >>> left = Oligo(tm=70.0, penalty=-123.0, span=left_span, bases="G"*20) | ||
| >>> right_span = Span(refname="chr1", start=101, end=120) | ||
| >>> right = Oligo(tm=70.0, penalty=-123.0, span=right_span, bases="T"*20) | ||
| >>> path = Path("/tmp/path/to/primers.txt") | ||
| >>> Oligo.write(path, left, right) # doctest: +SKIP | ||
| >>> primers = Oligo.read(path) # doctest: +SKIP | ||
| >>> list(primers) # doctest: +SKIP | ||
| [ | ||
| Oligo(tm=70.0, penalty=-123.0, span=amplicon_span, bases="G"*20), | ||
| Oligo(tm=70.0, penalty=-123.0, span=amplicon_span, bases="T"*20) | ||
| ] | ||
| ``` | ||
| """ | ||
|
|
||
| from dataclasses import dataclass | ||
| from dataclasses import replace | ||
| from typing import Any | ||
| from typing import Callable | ||
| from typing import Dict | ||
| from typing import Optional | ||
|
|
||
| from fgpyo.fasta.sequence_dictionary import SequenceDictionary | ||
| from fgpyo.sequence import longest_dinucleotide_run_length | ||
| from fgpyo.sequence import longest_homopolymer_length | ||
| from fgpyo.util.metric import Metric | ||
|
|
||
| from prymer.api.oligo_like import MISSING_BASES_STRING | ||
| from prymer.api.oligo_like import OligoLike | ||
| from prymer.api.span import Span | ||
|
|
||
|
|
||
| @dataclass(frozen=True, init=True, kw_only=True, slots=True) | ||
| class Oligo(OligoLike, Metric["Oligo"]): | ||
| """Stores the properties of the designed oligo. | ||
| Oligos can include both single primer and internal probe designs. The penalty score of the | ||
| design is emitted by Primer3 and controlled by the corresponding design parameters. | ||
| The penalty for a primer is set by the combination of `PrimerAndAmpliconParameters` and | ||
| `PrimerWeights`, whereas a probe penalty is set by `ProbeParameters` and `ProbeWeights`. | ||
| Attributes: | ||
| tm: the calculated melting temperature of the oligo | ||
| penalty: the penalty or score for the oligo | ||
| span: the mapping of the primer to the genome | ||
| bases: the base sequence of the oligo (excluding any tail) | ||
| tail: an optional tail sequence to put on the 5' end of the primer | ||
| name: an optional name to use for the primer | ||
| """ | ||
|
|
||
| tm: float | ||
| penalty: float | ||
| span: Span | ||
| bases: Optional[str] = None | ||
| tail: Optional[str] = None | ||
|
|
||
| def __post_init__(self) -> None: | ||
| super(Oligo, self).__post_init__() | ||
|
|
||
| def longest_hp_length(self) -> int: | ||
| """Length of longest homopolymer in the oligo.""" | ||
| if self.bases is None: | ||
| return 0 | ||
| else: | ||
| return longest_homopolymer_length(self.bases) | ||
|
|
||
| @property | ||
| def length(self) -> int: | ||
| """Length of un-tailed oligo.""" | ||
| return self.span.length | ||
|
|
||
| def untailed_length(self) -> int: | ||
| """Length of un-tailed oligo.""" | ||
| return self.span.length | ||
|
|
||
| def tailed_length(self) -> int: | ||
| """Length of tailed oligo.""" | ||
| return self.span.length if self.tail is None else self.span.length + len(self.tail) | ||
|
|
||
| def longest_dinucleotide_run_length(self) -> int: | ||
| """Number of bases in the longest dinucleotide run in a oligo. | ||
| A dinucleotide run is when length two repeat-unit is repeated. For example, | ||
| TCTC (length = 4) or ACACACACAC (length = 10). If there are no such runs, returns 2 | ||
| (or 0 if there are fewer than 2 bases).""" | ||
| return longest_dinucleotide_run_length(self.bases) | ||
|
|
||
| def with_tail(self, tail: str) -> "Oligo": | ||
| """Returns a copy of the oligo with the tail sequence attached.""" | ||
| return replace(self, tail=tail) | ||
|
|
||
| def with_name(self, name: str) -> "Oligo": | ||
| """Returns a copy of oligo object with the given name.""" | ||
| return replace(self, name=name) | ||
|
|
||
| def bases_with_tail(self) -> Optional[str]: | ||
| """ | ||
| Returns the sequence of the oligo prepended by the tail. | ||
| If `tail` is None, only return `bases`. | ||
| """ | ||
| if self.tail is None: | ||
| return self.bases | ||
| return f"{self.tail}{self.bases}" | ||
|
|
||
| def to_bed12_row(self) -> str: | ||
| """Returns the BED detail format view: | ||
| https://genome.ucsc.edu/FAQ/FAQformat.html#format1.7""" | ||
| bed_coord = self.span.get_bedlike_coords() | ||
| return "\t".join( | ||
| map( | ||
| str, | ||
| [ | ||
| self.span.refname, # contig | ||
| bed_coord.start, # start | ||
| bed_coord.end, # end | ||
| self.id, # name | ||
| 500, # score | ||
| self.span.strand.value, # strand | ||
| bed_coord.start, # thick start | ||
| bed_coord.end, # thick end | ||
| "100,100,100", # color | ||
| 1, # block count | ||
| f"{self.length}", # block sizes | ||
| "0", # block starts (relative to `start`) | ||
| ], | ||
| ) | ||
| ) | ||
|
|
||
| def __str__(self) -> str: | ||
| """ | ||
| Returns a string representation of this oligo | ||
| """ | ||
| # If the bases field is None, replace with MISSING_BASES_STRING | ||
| bases: str = self.bases if self.bases is not None else MISSING_BASES_STRING | ||
| return f"{bases}\t{self.tm}\t{self.penalty}\t{self.span}" | ||
|
|
||
| @classmethod | ||
| def _parsers(cls) -> Dict[type, Callable[[str], Any]]: | ||
| return { | ||
| Span: lambda value: Span.from_string(value), | ||
| } | ||
|
|
||
| @staticmethod | ||
| def compare(this: "Oligo", that: "Oligo", seq_dict: SequenceDictionary) -> int: | ||
| """Compares this oligo to that oligo by their span, ordering references using the given | ||
| sequence dictionary. | ||
| Args: | ||
| this: the first oligo | ||
| that: the second oligo | ||
| seq_dict: the sequence dictionary used to order references | ||
| Returns: | ||
| -1 if this oligo is less than the that oligo, 0 if equal, 1 otherwise | ||
| """ | ||
| return Span.compare(this=this.span, that=that.span, seq_dict=seq_dict) |
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