buffer: throw on invalid encoding in Buffer.from

[ronag]

Refs: #54533

[ronag]

@nodejs/buffer

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 87.32%. Comparing base (c00ea01) to head (9d335ca).
Report is 141 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #54586      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   87.33%   87.32%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         649      649              
  Lines      182620   182632      +12     
  Branches    35044    35033      -11     
==========================================
- Hits       159484   159481       -3     
- Misses      16397    16419      +22     
+ Partials     6739     6732       -7     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/buffer.js	96.70% <100.00%> (ø)

... and 33 files with indirect coverage changes

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/61534/

[mcollina]

lgtm

We should likely fix throughv test. I'll get to it when I can.

[jasnell]

PR is currently blocked from landing due to unreliable CI. Likely needs a rebase

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/62166/

There are relevant non-flaky CI failures that need to be addressed with this PR