Fix interrupted InferenceContext call chains

[jacobtylerwalls]

Type of Changes

	Type
✓	🐛 Bug fix
✓	🔨 Refactoring

Description

ClassDef.getitem() and infer_argument() both had interrupted call chains where the InferenceContext wasn't passed all the way through to infer(). This caused performance problems in packages such as sqlalchemy needing these features.

Closes pylint-dev/pylint#8150

Linting the example from pylint-dev/pylint#8150 now takes half as much time.

[DanielNoord]

I'd love to talk about your strategy finding these fixes. Seems like you have a better strategy than I have 😄

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #2209 (c477795) into main (1fbbf25) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is 100.00%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #2209   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   92.68%   92.68%           
=======================================
  Files          94       94           
  Lines       10828    10830    +2     
=======================================
+ Hits        10036    10038    +2     
  Misses        792      792           

Flag	Coverage Δ
linux	92.44% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
pypy	87.64% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
windows	92.28% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
astroid/arguments.py	99.24% <100.00%> (ø)
astroid/interpreter/dunder_lookup.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
astroid/nodes/scoped_nodes/scoped_nodes.py	91.96% <100.00%> (ø)

[jacobtylerwalls]

1. @mbyrnepr2 pointed me in the right direction to the enum brain
2. profile showed that is_enum_subclass() was the culprint, and the methods around mro() were taking about as long
3. wasted some effort trying to cache is_enum_subclass()
4. realized if caching wasn't working, then the InferenceContext was unnecessarily being refreshed
5. bunch of print statements to find out why the InferenceContexts were not the same
6. set a breakpoint and look at the call stack, find where they went missing! 😄