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Build Process.mht
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Build Process.mht
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<body lang=3DEN-US link=3Dblue vlink=3Dpurple style=3D'tab-interval:.5in'>
<div class=3DSection1>
<p class=3DMsoTitle>The FieldWorks Build Process</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Eberhard Beilharz, 23 May 2003</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Update: 14 May 2004</p>
<h1>Introduction to NAnt</h1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>NAnt is a free .NET build tool (<a
href=3D"http://nant.sourceforge.net/">http://nant.sourceforge.net</a>). In =
theory
it is kind of like make without make's wrinkles. In practice it's a lot lik=
e <a
href=3D"http://ant.apache.org/">Ant</a>. </p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>NAnt is different. Instead of a model where it is exte=
nded
with shell-based commands, NAnt is extended using task classes. Instead of =
writing
shell commands, the configuration files are XML-based, calling out a target
tree where various tasks get executed. Each task is run by an object that
implements a particular Task interface.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>The default extension for a NAnt build file is .build,=
i.e.
if you run NAnt in a directory it looks if there is a file *.build, and if
there is only one it runs it. However, you can name build files anything you
want, but you have to specify it on the command line: <br>
<span style=3D'font-family:"Courier New"'>NAnt –buildfile:mybuildfile=
.txt</span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>A build file consists of a project which must specify a
default target. If no other target is specified on the command line the def=
ault
target is executed.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>A project contains multiple targets which in turn can
contain tasks that do the job like compiling, copying files etc.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>You can find more information in the <a
href=3D"file:///C:\fw\Bin\nant\doc\help\index.html">NAnt documentation</a>.=
</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>NOTE: NAnt works case-sensitive, i.e. the targets Fram=
ework,
FrameWork and framework are considered different targets.</p>
<h1>Building with NAnt</h1>
<h2>Requirements</h2>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>All the files for NAnt are in the bin\nant\bin directo=
ry, so
if you resynced the bin directory in Perforce then you already have all what
you need.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>If you are lazy and want to be able to call NAnt witho=
ut
specifying the full path you should add the NAnt directory to your path:</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>In Control Panel, open System, select tab
“Advanced” and press Environment Variables. Under System variab=
les
select Path, edit, and add <b>;c:\fw\bin\nant\bin</b> to the already existi=
ng
path.</p>
<h2>Calling NAnt</h2>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>To build FieldWorks with NAnt call:</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'mso-tab-count:1'> &nbs=
p; </span>Nant
<i>configuration action target<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><i>configuration </i>is one of: <i>debug</i>, <i>relea=
se</i>,
<i>bounds</i> or <i>profile</i></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><i>action </i>is one of: </p>
<ul style=3D'margin-top:0in' type=3Ddisc>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>build</i>: build the target</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>test</i>:
build the target and build and run all tests of the target (if any)</l=
i>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>acceptance</i>:
combine with <i>test</i> to build and run acceptance tests</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>buildtest</i>:
build the target and its tests, but doesn’t run tests</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>clean</i>:
delete all output files of the target</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>register</i>:
register target if target supports registering (regsvr32/regasm)</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>unregister</i>:
unregister target if target supports registering (regsvr32/regasm)</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>forcetests</i>:
force the tests to be run, even if the target didn’t change (sho=
uld
be used together with action <i style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>t=
est</i>)</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>cc</i>:
passes a <i style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>cc</i> to C++ makefil=
es.
NOTE: this should be the last action before the target!</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>verbose</i>:
displays the command line options that are passed to compiler, linker
…</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>noremove</i>:
if with a remakefw it doesn’t delete the output directories</li>
</ul>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><i style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>target</i> is =
the name
of a project, or:</p>
<ul style=3D'margin-top:0in' type=3Ddisc>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>all</i>:
build all defined projects</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>mkall</i>:
does what mkall.bat used to do</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>remakefw</i>:
does a complete rebuild of FieldWorks and reloads the databases. Does =
what
remakefw.bat used to do</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>testlangproj</i>:
reloads the TestLangProj database</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>build-databases</i>:
reloads LelaTeli2, LelaTeli3 and blank LangProj databases</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>allATests</i>:
build all acceptance tests</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l4 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in=
'><i>nunitreport</i>:
builds an HTML report file with the results of unit tests
(NUnit-report.html) and acceptance tests (AcceptanceTests-report.html)=
</li>
</ul>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><i>Target </i>is a project name (same spelling as the =
Visual
Studio project name). This performs the <i>action</i> only for this project,
and for all projects that this target depends on. </p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>If <i>project_name-nodep</i> is specified than the pro=
jects
that this target depends on are ignored.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>There are additional targets for building multiple rel=
ated
C++ projects. See mkall.build.xml and remake.build.xml.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>The only action that runs tests is <i style=3D'mso-bid=
i-font-style:
normal'>test</i>.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>If you don’t specify any arguments, it does a <i
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>debug buildtest all</i>.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>NOTE: as soon as you specify anything as argument you =
have
to specify a target. This is because all of the actions and configurations =
are
implemented as targets, so if you give it <i style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:n=
ormal'>register
</i>as only argument, it sets the properties but doesn’t go on to a r=
eal
target.</p>
<h3>Examples:</h3>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Nant release build COMInterfaces – builds release
version of COMInterfaces project and projects it depends on</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Nant clean Utils-nodep – removes output files of=
debug
version of Utils project, but not of project it depends on</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Nant buildtest release all – builds all the proj=
ects
and tests that belong to the projects but doesn’t run the tests.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Nant register all – registers all project files<=
/p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>NAnt forcetests test ScrFDO-nodep – runs the tes=
ts for
the ScrFDO project.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Nant acceptance test allATests – builds and runs=
all
acceptance tests</p>
<h2>Conventions</h2>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>It is expected that every project in Visual Studio has=
at
least three configurations: Debug, Release and Bounds. The Output path sett=
ing
is ignored, the output always ends up in Output\<i style=3D'mso-bidi-font-s=
tyle:
normal'>configuration</i>\<i style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>projectna=
me</i></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Tests for a project should only rely on types defined =
in the
project and in assemblies that project references.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>A test project should go in a subdirectory called <i
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>projectname</i>Tests and be called the=
same.
Example: the tests for the project FDO\FDO.csproj are in
FDO\FDOTests\FDOTests.csproj. This is necessary so that the build process c=
an
find them automatically.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Project references should point to Output\Debug\<i
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Assembly</i>\<i style=3D'mso-bidi-font=
-style:
normal'>Assembly</i>.dll, e.g. to make a reference to Framework.dll, select
Output\Debug\Framework\Framework.dll. Don’t make project references. =
The
build process will use the correct version for Release/Debug builds.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Don’t check in solution files.</p>
<h2>Building in Visual Studio .NET</h2>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>There are several possibilities to build with NAnt from
inside Visual Studio.</p>
<ol style=3D'margin-top:0in' start=3D1 type=3D1>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l3 level1 lfo7;tab-stops:list .5in=
'>Add an
entry to the Tools menu that runs NAnt in the bld directory and specify
the arguments at run time, or add several entries with the desired
arguments.</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l3 level1 lfo7;tab-stops:list .5in=
'>The
master build file has a special target, VSCompile that allows giving it
the name of a VS solution. It will then compile the project with the s=
ame
name as the solution. To do that, add an entry to the Tools menu:</li>
</ol>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>In Visual Studio, open
Tools/External Tools, press Add button. Title: Compile with NAnt; Command:
c:\fw\bin\nant\bin\NAnt.exe; Arguments: <i>-buildfile:FieldWorks.build
VSCompile -D:sln=3D"$(SolutionDir)</i>\<i>$(SolutionFileName)"</i=
><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:italic'>;<i> </i>Initial Directory: c:\fw\bld;=
check
“Use Output window”.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>Map it to the shortcut key =
Alt-N.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>This allows building of the=
current
project (if there is only one project in the solution, or one project and i=
ts
test project). </p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>If there is no target for t=
he
current project, it tries to locate a file build.build in the solution
directory and runs NAnt with that.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>The handling of the VSCompi=
le
target is done in bld\SpecialTargets.xml</p>
<ol style=3D'margin-top:0in' start=3D1 type=3D1>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l3 level1 lfo7;tab-stops:list .5in=
'>There
will be a plug-in for Visual Studio that hijacks the VS build commands=
so
that when you compile in Visual Studio it automatically calls NAnt with
the target in the FieldWorks build file. This plug-in still needs some
fine-tuning.</li>
</ol>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>You might want to exclude the projects in the solution=
from
building, because that’s done with NAnt now.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>NOTE: If you add new files to the project or otherwise
modify the project settings, you have to do a Save All before compiling =
211;
Visual Studio automatically saves all source files before running an extern=
al
tool, but not the project file.</p>
<h2>Developing with the NAnt build process</h2>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>Open the project file you’re working on as new
solution, and add the test project to the solution. </p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>For your project, open the project properties, go to
Configuration Properties/Debugging, set Debug Mode to Program and Start
Application to c:\fw\bin\NUnit\bin\nunit-gui.exe. Add Command Line Arguments
add: <span style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>c:\fw\=
output\debug\<i
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>projectnametests.dll</i><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:italic'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>This allows debugging the tests.</p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>You can add additional projects to the solution, but t=
his
may cause problems with files locked by Visual Studio when you try to build=
the
projects.</p>
<h1>Adding new projects</h1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal>To add a new project to the build process:</p>
<ul style=3D'margin-top:0in' type=3Ddisc>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l7 level1 lfo11;tab-stops:list .5i=
n'>Determine
if this project is something that will be used by all FieldWorks
applications or only by a specific domain. If it is common it should g=
o in
the FieldWorks.build file, otherwise in the specific domain build incl=
ude,
e.g. TE.build.xml.</li>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l7 level1 lfo11;tab-stops:list .5i=
n'>For a
common project added to FieldWorks.build:</li>
<ul style=3D'margin-top:0in' type=3Dcircle>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l7 level2 lfo11;tab-stops:list 1.=
0in'>Add
a new line to target <i style=3D'mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>all</i>
(<call target=3D”newproject”/>)</li>
</ul>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l7 level1 lfo11;tab-stops:list .5i=
n'>For a
domain specific project:</li>
<ul style=3D'margin-top:0in' type=3Dcircle>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l7 level2 lfo11;tab-stops:list 1.=
0in'>Add
the project to the list of dependencies for the super target, e.g. al=
lTE.</li>
</ul>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l7 level1 lfo11;tab-stops:list .5i=
n'>For
all projects in the particular build file/include:</li>
<ul style=3D'margin-top:0in' type=3Dcircle>
<li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l7 level2 lfo11;tab-stops:list 1.=
0in'>Add
the project as new target to the list of individual projects:</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom=
:0in;
margin-left:1.0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-aut=
ospace:
none'><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Arial Unicode MS";color:blue'><</span><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-=
family:
"Arial Unicode MS";color:maroon'>target</span><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-=
size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-family:"Arial Unicode MS";
color:fuchsia'> </span><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family=
:"Courier New";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Arial Unicode MS";color:red'>name</span><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-=
family:
"Arial Unicode MS";color:blue'>=3D"<b>newproject</b>"</span><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-=
family:
"Arial Unicode MS";color:fuchsia'> </span><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size=
:10.0pt;
font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-family:"Arial Unicode MS";color:red=
'>depends</span><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-=
family:
"Arial Unicode MS";color:blue'>=3D"<b>FDO</b>"</span><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-=
family:
"Arial Unicode MS";color:fuchsia'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom=
:0in;
margin-left:1.0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-indent:.5in;mso-layout-grid-al=
ign:
none;text-autospace:none'><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-fam=
ily:
"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-family:"Arial Unicode MS";color:red'>descriptio=
n</span><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-=
family:
"Arial Unicode MS";color:blue'>=3D"Demonstrates adding a new project.&=
quot;><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom=
:0in;
margin-left:1.0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-aut=
ospace:
none'><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Arial Unicode MS"'><span style=3D'mso-tab-count:1'>&n=
bsp; </span><span
style=3D'color:blue'><</span><span style=3D'color:maroon'>call</span><sp=
an
style=3D'color:fuchsia'> </span><span style=3D'color:red'>target</span><span
style=3D'color:blue'>=3D"<b>newproject</b>-nodep"/><o:p></o:p>=
</span></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-top:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom=
:0in;
margin-left:1.0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-aut=
ospace:
none'><span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Arial Unicode MS";color:blue'></</span><span
style=3D'mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Courier New";mso-bidi-font-=